Alakabawy, B. A., Elzok, E. S., Elattar, A. S., Hozaifa, M. ., & Alakabawy, B. (2026). How generative artificial intelligence tools support self-directed learning: Implications for students’ learning motivation and design thinking. Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning, 22, 036. https://doi.org/10.58459/rptel.2027.22036